189 vs 190 Visa Difference: Which PR Visa Is Better?

The 189 and 190 visas both lead to Australian permanent residency, but they have important differences that can affect your decision. Understanding these differences helps you choose the right pathway for your situation.

Calculate your score for both options using our PR Points Calculator to see which works better for you.

Quick Comparison: 189 vs 190

The 189 Visa: Independent Pathway

The 189 visa is completely independent. You do not need anyone to sponsor or nominate you. Your application stands on its own merits.

189 Visa Pros

• Maximum freedom — live anywhere in Australia immediately
• No nomination process to navigate
• No residency commitment to any state
• Direct permanent residency on grant

189 Visa Cons

• Usually requires higher points (85+ for many occupations)
• More competitive — no bonus points
• Dependent entirely on your own score

The 190 Visa: State Nominated Pathway

The 190 visa requires state nomination. In exchange for living in the state for a period (typically 2 years), you receive 5 bonus points and often face less competition.

190 Visa Pros

• 5 bonus points can make the difference
• Often lower points thresholds than 189
• State lists may include additional occupations
• Still grants permanent residency immediately

190 Visa Cons

• Must commit to living in the nominating state
• Additional application step (state nomination)
• State fees and separate requirements
• Nomination is not guaranteed

Key Differences Explained

Points and Competition

The biggest practical difference is the points. The 190's 5 bonus points can turn a 75-point application into an 80-point application — often the difference between waiting indefinitely and receiving an invitation.

However, the 189 offers complete freedom. If you have 90+ points, the 189 might be worth pursuing for the flexibility alone.

Residency Obligations

The 189 has no strings attached. The 190 requires a commitment — typically 2 years in the nominating state. After that period, you are free to move.

For many people, this is a reasonable trade-off. Two years in a state like South Australia or Tasmania can be a positive experience, and you still end up with permanent residency.

Application Process

The 190 adds a step: state nomination. This means:

• Additional application fees to the state
• Waiting for both state and federal processes
• Meeting state-specific criteria beyond the federal requirements

Which Visa Should You Choose?

Choose 189 If:

• You have a high score (85+ points)
• You want maximum location flexibility
• You do not want any residency commitments
• Your occupation has strong demand nationally

Choose 190 If:

• Your score is moderate (70–80 points)
• The 5 bonus points would make you competitive
• You are open to living in a specific state
• Your occupation is in demand in particular states

Consider Both

Many applicants submit EOIs for both visas. You can select multiple options in SkillSelect and accept whichever invitation comes first. This keeps your options open without committing prematurely.

Real-World Scenarios

Scenario 1: High Scorer

You have 90 points. The 189 visa gives you complete freedom, and your score is competitive enough to get invited. The 190 would add unnecessary commitment.

Scenario 2: Borderline Scorer

You have 75 points. The 189 is unlikely at this score for most occupations. The 190's bonus takes you to 80, making you competitive. The state commitment is worth it for the invitation.

Scenario 3: Occupation Specific

Your occupation is only on certain state lists. The 190 becomes your best or only option, depending on where your skills are needed.

Make Your Decision

Both visas lead to the same destination: Australian permanent residency. The question is which path gets you there faster and with less stress, given your specific circumstances.

Disclaimer

This article compares 189 vs 190 visa differences based on general information. Visa policies and invitation trends change regularly. Always verify current requirements with the Department of Home Affairs.